Home Introduction Background Radioactivity Components of Background Cosmic Radiation Terrestrial Radiation Series Radionuclides Man-Made Radioactivity in Background Cosmogenic Radiation Non-Series Radionuclides Geology Igneous Rocks Weathering of Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks Sandstones Metamorphic Rock Shales Carbonate Rocks Soil Mobility Temporal Variations in Background Uranium Overburden Phosphate Fertilizers Water Treatment and Purification Oil and Gas Production Coal Ash Mineral Mining Rare Earths Other Metals Geothermal Energy Production Scrap metal Risks from Radiation International Regulations and Regulatory Issues Protection Philosophies ICRP 60 / NCRP 116 and Dose Federal Regulation of TENORM U.S. Guidance States Regulation of TENORM U.S. Regulations and Regulatory Issues CRCPD Suggested State Regulations for Control of Radiation Pre-1978 Byproduct Material HPS/ANSI Standard for NORM - Guide for Control and Release of NORM Recycling and Disposal of TENORM Dose Concepts Guidance Documents for TENORM Upcoming Conferences and Road Trips References Links